ABSTRACT
Myocardial fibrosis leads to cardiac remodeling and heart failure after myocardial infarction .The mechanism of ven-tricular remodeling after myocardial infarction is complicated , which results from multi-factor interactions .TGF-β1-dependent Smads signal pathway is a definite mechanism which plays an important role in the process of myocardial fibrosis .Myocardial infarction activates the TGF-β1, which links the downstream Smads signaling to play a sustained biological effects via the ac-cumulation of activated cardiac fibroblasts and excess deposition of extracellular matrix , and the differentiation from myocardial fibroblasts to myofibroblasts .Therefore, how to block or control TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway is an important research di-rection for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction.This paper reviews the current studies of the treat-ment of myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction based on the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway .